AWangu Mazama, Afro-Caribbean akaberekerwa Guadeloupe, akabata hunyanzvi degree rake rehunyanzvi mune zvemitauro muna 1987 kuNew Sorbonne University. Iye anozivikanwa semutsigiri anoshingairira uzivi hweAfrocentricity padhuze naPurofesa Molefi Kete Asante uyo waanodzidzisa naye paTemplate University muUSA, mubazi rekutanga iro rakaronga doctorate muchidzidzo chemuAfrica. Ndiye munyori wemabasa mazhinji anotsigira chimiro ichi chefilosofi, kusanganisira "iyo Afrocentric Imperative" yakaburitswa muna 2003.
Ama Mazama vanotsanangura Afrocentricity se "chinzvimbo chefilosofi chinokurudzira maAfrica kuti kubata nyika dema zvichienderana nekwavo, zviitiko zvavo, maonero avo akadzika midzi yetsika uye nhoroondo yeAfrica. Mune mamwe mazwi, kufunga nezve Africa kuburikidza nemaonero eAfrica, mumaonero eAfrica ”.
Chokwadi, kwemazana emakore ikozvino, Africa yakatsanangurwa maererano nemifungo isinga fanane netsika yeAfrica zvachose nekuti yakavakirwa pazviitiko zveEurope.
Chinangwa cheAfrocentricity ndechekusimbisa chokwadi chekuti iwo maonerwo akasiyana kubva kune imwe tsika kuenda kune imwe (maAsia, maArabhu, maIndia, eAfrica, nezvimwewo) uye kuti iyo West haina monopoly. . Mune mamwe mazwi, uyu mubvunzo wekugona kugara vanhu venyika imwe neimwe patafura imwe, uye kuvanzwa vachikurukura pasina mumwe anokwanisa kupa tsika imwe chete ine chinyorwa che "Universality".
Mukuona kweizvi, Munhu wemuAfrica anofanira saka kugadzira yake maitiro ehunhu (African paradigm), uye kuri chete nekuve aine mabhenji ake uye zvinangwa zvake zvakasimbiswa maari ndipo paanozokwanisa kufunga zvakare nezvekuvakwa kwekondinendi yeAfrica panheyo dzakasimba. Uyu mubvunzo wekuramba chero kuzviisa pasi kune yekunze nzira yekufunga inoshoreka huchenjeri hwedu, kutendeka kwedu kwevanhu.
Paive pazera ramakore mashanu apo Ama Mazama vakaita kusangana kwavo kwekutanga nechena kwerudzi rukuru., achiri kuyeuka. Mudzidzisi wake we kindergarten, mestizo, akaronga vadzidzi zvinoenderana neruvara rweganda ravo: vachena vaive mumutsara wekutanga, tevere mamestizo zvichingodaro. Vatema vakaiswa kuseri kwemba. Zviripachena, kusviba kwawaive iwe, iko kushoma kwekutarisa kwaakakubhadhara kwauri. Ama mudiki aive asarudza nemaune kuuya kumashure chaiko nevamwe uye, kunyangwe aive mudiki zera, akanyatsonzwisisa kuti akatambura nekusarurwa kwemarudzi.
Sekureva kwake, matambudziko ese evaAfrica saka anotanga kubva kuhukuru hwevachena, pazasi peuranda nekoloni uye izvo zvichiri kuenderera nanhasi. : "Zvinoita sekuti vanhu vemuAfrica vanofanirwa kuramba vachitevedzera, kushandira vekuMadokero uye vachirarama maererano neparadigm yavo inotsigira kuti murungu akakwirira uye kuti anogona, zvakadaro, kupa dzidziso kune vamwe". Eurocentrism (kufunga nyika maererano neEuropean system yekufunga) idambudziko chairo kune vanhu vemuAfrica nekuti vanozviwana varipo chete maererano nevachena: vanotora mapfekero avo, vanotaura mitauro yavo zvirinani kupfuura mitauro yeAfrica. , ziva madzinza avo ehumambo nemoyo asi vasingateereri nhoroondo yehumambo hweAfrica, vari munguva maererano nekarenda yavo yechiKristu, nezvimwe.
Ama Mazama vanosimbisa kukosha kwedzidzo: "Hatifanire kusiira vamwe basa rekudzidzisa nhoroondo yedu, hunhu hwedu, tsika yedu yeAfrica; basa rechikoro chekuMadokero nderekubvisa muAfrica maAfrica nekuvaita maEuropean zvakanyanya sezvinobvira ”. Nekudaro, ivo vanhu vamwe chete ava vanoda kuteedzerwa, havatione sevakaenzana navo. Hatife takave vanhu vachena, kunyangwe tikapenda vhudzi redu bvudzi, isu tinoshatisa ganda redu uye totaura chiFrench zvirinani kupfuura Molière. MuAfrica haazove chero chinhu kana kushoma kupfuura muAfrica. Mukadzi mukuru uyu iye anodzidzisa mwanakomana wake kumba nekuti haavimbe nedzidzo "yenyika" iyi.
Ama Mazama vanodudza chinamato chechiKristu seimwe yemotokari dzinokosha dzevachena verudzi. Chokwadi, kumisikidzwa kwaMwari wechena ruvara kunotungamira kumhedzisiro yakakomba kuzivikanwa kwevaAfrica, avo nekuda kwayo, vanozviparadza. Mwari zvaakasika munhu nemufananidzo wake, vatema saka vaisazove vanamwari kana vatsvene, nemamwe mazwi, vana vadhiyabhorosi! Kunze kwevachena, avo, chokwadi, vangave vari vanamwari pasi pano, vanokwanisa kutonga mamwe marudzi muzita reWemasimbaose. Nekudaro, muna 1454, Pope Nicholas V akakurudzira "hondo tsvene" kuti vaite nhapwa dzevaranda kuitira kuti vazivise Mwari. Asi chikonzero chisiri chepamutemo chaive chiri chekuenda kunotsvaga varanda vekuvashandira.
Vanhu vemuAfrica vanoona zvakaoma kufungidzira kondinendi yechitema yaivapo vanhu vekuchamhembe vasati vasvika. Uye zvakadaro, ndizvo. Madzitateguru eAfrica aibata zvavanotenda, zvinoenderana netsika dzavo. Nezve izvo, Ama Mazama ndiye Mambo, mune mamwe mazwi, Voodoo Priestess, yakatangwa muHaiti. Yezvekutanga kweAfrica, Voodoo haisi yechitema. Chokwadi, iyi hurukuro yakaipa iyo maAfrica akaisa mukati. Tsika yeAfrica inoshanda nemasikirwo: kuparadza zvisikwa kuzviparadza pachako. Zvese izvi zvinotsanangura njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza nekuda kweiyo Western filosofi iyo inobvumidza kutonga kwemurungu pasi. Nepo huzivi hwemuAfrica, inotakura meseji yekuremekedza, kuwirirana nezvakasikwa. Hupenyu ndicho chakakosha kwazvo, nekudaro kubereka kunova chipo chakanakisa.
Vechidiki vemu Africa ndiyo ramangwana rerudzi rwevatema. Izvo zvakakosha kuti iye azive kwaanobva, kuitira kuti afunge zvirinani nezve kwaari kuenda. Kuramba Africa kunotiisa mune chinzvimbo chekusanzwisisika kune-vamwe vanhu. Kana isu pachedu tisingazive zvatiri, vamwe vanhu vanouya votiraira maitiro edu, zvoita kuti titende kuti hatikwanise munzira dzese. Chirevo chemuAfrica chinoti "chero shumba dzisina vanyori venhoroondo dzadzo, nyaya dzekuvhima dzinogona kungoimba nezvekubwinya kwemuvhimi". Uzivi hweAfrocentricity hunotiyananisa nezvatiri chaizvo: maAfrica.
Par Ama Mazama
Marie-Josée Cerol, Sumo yeGuadeloupean Creole, ed. Jasor, Pointe-à-Pitre, 1991;
Ama Mazama, Mutauro uye Kuzivikanwa muGuadeloupe: Afrocentric Pfungwa, ed. Jasor, Point-a-Pitre
Ama Mazama, The Afrocentric Imperative, ed. Ménaibuc, Paris, 2003;
Ama Mazama, Kwanzaa kana Sangano reAfrica Engineering, ed. Menaibuc, 2006.
