TheEid al-Adha ubizwa ngokuthi yi tabaski eSenegal (1) nakwamanye amazwe akhuluma isiFulentshi aseNtshonalanga Afrika (iGuinea, iMali, iCôte d'Ivoire, iBenin, iBurkina Faso, iTogo, iNiger, iCameroon) futhi ngokwesibonelo eNigeria. ENyakatho Afrika ibizwa kanjalo Tafaska phakathi kwamasiko aseMaghreb ama-Amazigh ngenkathi enye i-Berbers, isi-Arabhu, isebenzisa igama lesi-Arabhu. E-Turkey, ubizwa ngokuthi I-Kurban Bayramı naseBalkans, i-Kurban Bajram.
NgesiFulentshi, leli gama liyasetshenziswa futhi umkhosi wemvu.
Kepha yigama elithi Tabaski, elibolekwe kuma-Wolofs, okuyimpumelelo kakhulu emazweni esifunda saseSudano-Sahelian, ukusuka eSenegal kuya eChad, ngeMali, eBurkina Faso naseNiger. Lokhu akumangazi lapho sazi ukuthi ama-Wolofs amukela ubuSulumane ngekhulu le-XNUMX nokuthi iSenegal, isithandwa sokwakhiwa kwamakoloni aseFrance, kwakuyindawo yokubhekisa esifundeni iminyaka engamakhulu ambalwa.
I-Islam, njengakwezinye izindawo eziningi, ivumelane nezimo zendawo. Isakhiwo esiqinile sezinhlangano zobuzalwane kanye nesisindo sama-marabouts ngaleyo ndlela kukhombisa umphakathi wendabuko wama-Wolof. Lesi simo se-acclimatization sicacile ezingeni lexical. ESenegal, imikhosi inamagama esiWolof, futhi ikhalenda lamaSulumane selibe “Wolofized” ngokuphelele (1).
Umsuka weNigro-waseGibhithe wegama elithi Tabaski / Tafaska / Easter, eligcinwe ebuJudeni, ebuKristwini ngakho-ke yi-Islam:
Ngokusho kwendatshana kaDominique Mataillet ovela kuwebhusayithi yakwaJeune Afrique: “
Ukubuyela eTabaski, izazi-mlando ziyavuma ukuqhathanisa leli gama ne-tifeski, igama lentwasahlobo eMauritania. Ngokusho kombhali ozimisele kakhulu, uSolwazi Raymond Mauny, owayephethe esinye sezihlalo zokuqala emlandweni we-Afrika eFrance, igama elithi tabaski livela kuBerber eliqinisekisa ukuhlangana kabusha neMauritania, ngoba amaMoor empeleni Ama-Tuaregs ama-Arabhu lapho ayengakhuthazwa khona yi-pasqua yesiLatini, "iphasika", uqobo lwayo kusuka ku-pesakh yesiHeberu. Lokhu kusikhumbuza ukuthi ingxenye yamaBerbers kade yahlala ithembekile enkolweni yamaJuda.
Uma iPhasika lamaJuda liyisikhumbuzo sokufuduka eGibhithe nePhasika lamaKhristu ukuvuka kukaKristu, phakathi kwale mikhosi naleyo yomhlatshelo ka-Ibrahim kukhona into eyodwa efana ngayo: ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yegusha ”.
U-Anne-Marie Brisebarre et Liliane Kuczynski ziye zafunda iSasasik (2) ngokwesayensi, ngaphandle kokunikeza umsuka weqiniso we-etymological.
Inganekwane ka-Ousirê ibonakala ngokuthi umlenze wesobunxele wawungekho e-Ousirê. Lokhu kubheka kuqukethe ukhiye oyindida wegama elithi Pasxa.
Omunye ufakazi yigama lezinhlanzi ezinosawoti abaseGibhithe badla eS Sham an-Nassim, njalo ngoMsombuluko wePhasika.
Lona kanye igama lale nhlanzi enosawoti, uphawu luka-Ousirê, lithathwe esifundazweni sase-Ousirê izitho zomzimba "ezazisuswe" ngumfowabo uSoutε.
Ngempela, inhlanzi ibizwa ngokuthi "idiliziwe", fasîkh ngesi-Arabhu. Leli gama linencazelo efanayo.
- EGibhithe:psḥ = fasekh (enenhliziyo echotshoziwe)
- ngesi-Aramaic nesiHebheru: i-faskha, i-pasah (ukuphoqa, ukuxosha, ukuhudula umlenze, ukuxoshwa)
- ngesiGreki : Πάσχα
- ngesi-Arabhu: fasīkh noma feseekh (ukuxoshwa).
Umbuso u-Ousirê anikezwa kuwo igama lezinhlanzi ezimfanisayo, udliwe ngoMsombuluko wePhasika, ekupheleni kwemikhosi ye-Osirian Passion.
Leli gama labhalwa ngesiGreki, kuyi-Septuagint, noma lisuselwa ku-Aramaic: paskha, noma ngqo kusuka e-Fasekh (psḥ) yase-Egypt, amafonimu afanayo nanjengegama lezinhlanzi ezinosawoti zase-Ousirê: fasîkh.
Easter ukugubha wabelane Lokudabuka waseGibhithe, sokukhumbula ukufa nokuvuswa Ousirê (ubhiya elibomvu legazi lakhe, isinkwa esingenamvubelo wenyama yakhe. Kuyinto empeleni kusukela enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC. "Fasekh" waseGibhithe, wanika "Faskha" ngesi-Aramu, futhi "iPhasika" ngesiGreki, esanika "i-Easter" ngesiFulentshi. Yonke iGibithe yayidla lesi sihlahla, njengamaHeberu. (3)
IBlack Muslim Africa ngakho "ngokungazi" ibiza futhi igubha iTabaski ngegama le-Pharaonic "psḥ".
Ukucaphuna: Kunokuba kujabulise esikhathini esedlule, ukubheka iGibhithe lasendulo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokukhulelwa nokwakha ikusasa lethu lamasiko. IGibhithe izodlala, ngokwesiko lase-Afrika elenziwe kabusha futhi lavuselelwa, indima efanayo neyasendulo yamaGreki namaRoma ”. Cheikh Anta Diop.
Tony Jeki La Njambe, Meyi 15, 2014
SOURCES:
(1) Livelaphi igama elithi Tabaski? [indawo yokugcina umlando], ku-Jeuneafrique.com:
(2) u-Anne-Marie Brisebarre noLiliane Kuczynski (ama-eds), ITagaski eSenegal. Umkhosi wamaSulumane endaweni yokuhlala emadolobheni, Amadoda Nenkampani, I-Karthala Editions, i- 2009, i-466 p
