Siyakwamukela kubhulogi yethu! Namuhla sifuna ukukuthatha ohambweni lomculo ezwenikazi lonke lase-Afrika. Umculo wase-Afrika ucebile ngokwehlukahlukana nangombala, kodwa futhi uphethe imilayezo enamandla nezinikele. Yingakho sinqume ukuthi lesi sihloko sinikele ezingomeni ezizinikele zomculo wase-Afrika. Sifuna ukukuxhumanisa ngokujulile nani, bafundi bethu, ukuze nizwe uthando namandla alezi zingoma ezinamandla okuguqula umhlaba. Ngakho-ke, ngena nathi kulolu hlelo lokuhlola lomculo futhi uvumele ukukhuthazwa yizwi elinamandla lase-Afrika.
Abathengisi abahamba phambili bomculo wase-Afrika
Imvelaphi yomculo ozinikele e-Afrika
Umculo wase-Afrika uyinhlangano yobuciko eyavela phakathi nekhulu lama-20. Igxile kakhulu emlandweni namasiko ezwekazi, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekulweleni inkululeko, ubulungiswa kanye nenqubekelaphambili yomphakathi.
Ifa lomlando
Umculo odlalwa e-Afrika uthola izimpande zawo ezingomeni zesintu kanye nezigqi zokhokho ebezilokhu zisetshenziswa ukuveza izifiso nokukhathazeka kwemiphakathi. Kodwa-ke, kwakuphakathi nenkathi yamakholoni lapho umculo wezombangazwe wathatha khona uhlangothi lwezombusazwe oluqinile.
Izingoma zokuphikisa zazivame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi semizabalazo yenkululeko ukuveza ukuzimisela nethemba labantu base-Afrika ababecindezelwe. Lezi zingoma beziyindlela enamandla yokuhlanganisa uquqaba kanye nokudlulisa imiyalezo yobumbano nomzabalazo wenkululeko.
Ukulwela inkululeko nobulungiswa
Umculo wase-Afrika ubambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekulweleni inkululeko nobulungiswa. Wasebenza njengezwi lezinhlangano ezilwela inkululeko futhi wakhuthaza abalweli benkululeko. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zokubaluleka kwayo:
- Ukugqugquzela nokuqwashisa: Umculo womphakathi ubambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuhlanganiseni imiphakathi kanye nokuqwashisa ngokungabi nabulungisa. Kwasiza ekwakheni ukwazi ngokuhlanganyela kanye nokuqinisa ukunyakaza kokumelana.
- Ukugxeka ukungabi nabulungisa: Abaculi abathintekayo e-Afrika basebenzise umculo wabo ukugxeka ukungabi nabulungisa kwezenhlalakahle, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla kanye nokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu. Izingoma zabo ngokuvamile zibe ubufakazi obuthinta inhliziyo beqiniso elitholwa abantu.
- Ukukhuthazwa kobuntu base-Afrika namasiko: Umculo ohileleke e-Afrika futhi ube yindlela yokuthuthukisa ubu-Afrika namasiko. Kusize ukuqinisa umuzwa wokuzigqaja nokuba ngowabantu base-Afrika, kanye nokulwa nokubuswa kwamasiko nokucwaswa.
Ifa lomculo ozinikele e-Afrika
Ifa lomculo ozinikele e-Afrika likhulu futhi lisaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela ezizukulwaneni zamanje zabaculi abazinikele. Nanka amanye abaculi nezinhlangano eziqophe umlando wokuzinikela komculo e-Afrika:
- UFela Kuti: Ethathwa njengoyise we-Afrobeat, uFela Kuti wayaziwa ngezingoma zakhe ezithinta ipolitiki ezazigxeka ukubusa kwamasosha eNigeria futhi evikela amalungelo abacindezelwe.
- UMiriam Makeba: Oqanjwe ngokuthi Mama Africa, uMiriam Makeba wayeyizwi lomzabalazo wokulwa nobandlululo eNingizimu Afrika. Izingoma zakhe zaziwubizo lwenkululeko nobulungiswa.
- UBob Marley: Nakuba engeyena umAfrika, uBob Marley ube nomthelela omkhulu emculweni ozinikele e-Afrika. Izingoma zakhe bezidlulisa imiyalezo yoxolo, ubulungisa nobunye.
- Inhlangano ethi "Le Balai Citoyen" eBurkina Faso: Le nhlangano yezakhamizi yasebenzisa umculo njengendlela yokuhlanganisa nokubhikisha ngokumelene nombuso kaBlaise Compaoré. Izingoma zabo bekuyizikhalo zababhikishi.
Izindikimba ezikhulunywa yizingoma ezithintekayo
Umculo wase-Afrika ubulokhu udlala indima ebalulekile ekuvezeni ukukhathazeka kwezwekazi kwezenhlalo nezombusazwe. Abaculi abaningi base-Afrika basebenzisa umculo njengendlela enamandla yokukhuluma ngokumelene nezindaba ezithinta umphakathi wabo futhi baqwashise ngalezi zindaba ezibalulekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlaziya izingqikithi eziyinhloko ezikhulunywa izingoma zomculo wase-Afrika, njengenkohlakalo, ukungalingani kwezenhlalakahle, impi kanye nengcindezelo.
Inkohlakalo
Inkohlakalo iyinkinga eqhubekayo emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika. Sekukaningi amaciko ase-Afrika ewugxeka lo mkhuba ngezingoma zawo zepolitiki. Basebenzisa izwi labo kanye nenkundla ukuveza izenzo zenkohlakalo kanye nokukhuthaza ukubeka izinto obala nokuziphendulela ngaphakathi kwesigaba sezombusazwe. Amanye amaciko agqamisa amacala athile enkohlakalo, kanti amanye akhuluma ngale ndaba ngokujwayelekile.
- Izibonelo zezingoma ezikhuluma ngenkohlakalo:
- "Corruption" by Fela Kuti (Nigeria)
- "Inkohlakalo yangempela" ka-Alpha Blondy (Ivory Coast)
Ukungalingani kwezenhlalo
Ukungalingani komphakathi kungenye indikimba ebalulekile edingidwa izingoma ezizinikele zomculo wase-Afrika. Amaciko asebenzisa umculo wawo ukugxeka ukuhlukana kwezomnotho nezenhlalo okukhona ezweni lawo. Bagqamisa ukungabi nabulungiswa namalungelo anikezwa izigaba ezithile zomphakathi, futhi bafuna umphakathi olinganayo nonobulungisa wabo bonke abantu.
- Izibonelo zezingoma ezizinikele ekungalinganini komphakathi:
- “Society” ka-Oumou Sangaré (Mali)
- “Ama-Tattoos” ka-Tiken Jah Fakoly (Ivory Coast)
Impi
Impi iyisihloko esibuhlungu nesilimazayo esithinte amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika. Izingoma ezikhuluma ngempi ngokuvamile ziveza ukuhlupheka nemiphumela yale ngxabano kubantu abavamile. Amaciko ase-Afrika asebenzisa umculo wawo ukunxusa ukuthi kube nokuthula, ukubuyisana futhi kuqedwe ukulwa.
- Izibonelo zezingoma ezikhuluma ngempi:
- "Impi" nguBob Marley (Jamaica)
- “Africa Unite” by Lucky Dube (South Africa)
Ukucindezelwa
Ingcindezelo iyindikimba ephindaphindayo ezingomeni ezizinikele zomculo wase-Afrika. Amaciko ayazigxeka izinhlobo zengcindezelo ezinjengokucwasa ngokwebala, ukucwasa, ukucindezelwa kwezepolitiki kanye nokwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu. Umculo wabo usebenza njengendlela yokumelana nezinhlelo ezicindezelayo futhi ukhuthaza ukukhululwa nenkululeko.
- Izibonelo zezingoma ezizinikele mayelana nengcindezelo:
- “Zimbabwe” by Oliver Mtukudzi (Zimbabwe)
- “Apartheid is Nazism” by Lucky Dube (South Africa)
Umculo wase-Afrika ohlanganyele uyindlela enamandla yokuqwashisa nokukhuthaza izinguquko zomphakathi nezombusazwe. Amaciko asebenzisa amazwi awo ukukhuluma ngokumelene nezindaba ezifana nenkohlakalo, ukungalingani kwezenhlalakahle, izimpi nengcindezelo, kanye nokukhuthaza umphakathi onobulungiswa futhi onokulingana. Umculo wabo uvuselela ithemba nesenzo, futhi uyisikhumbuzo esiqhubekayo sesidingo sokulwela ikusasa elingcono.
*Qaphela: Lesi isigaba sebhulogi esiyisampula esibhalwe ngesiFulentshi. Ingase ingabi iphelele futhi ingase ibe namaphutha.
Abaculi abazibophezele kakhulu
I-Afrika ibilokhu iyizwekazi elicebile ngamasiko nomculo. Abaculi abaningi base-Afrika basebenzise ithalente labo ukwakha izingoma ezihehayo ezibe nomthelela omkhulu emphakathini. Kulesi sihloko, sizokwethula amaciko amathathu ase-Afrika anethonya elikhulu endimeni yomculo ozinikele: Fela Kuti, Miriam Makeba kanye no-Youssou N'Dour.
Fela Kuti: Iphimbo laseNigeria elivukelayo
UFela Kuti, owaziwa nangokuthi uFela Anikulapo Kuti, wayengumculi waseNigeria nesishoshovu sezepolitiki. Uthathwa njengomunye wezingqalabutho ze-afrobeat, uhlobo lomculo oluxuba isigqi sesintu sase-Afrika ne-jazz, i-funk ne-reggae. UFela Kuti usebenzise umculo wakhe ukuveza inkohlakalo kahulumeni nokusebenzisa kabi amandla eNigeria. Nanka amanye amagalelo akhe abaluleke kakhulu:
- Wasungula iqembu elithi Africa '70, eladuma ngokudlala ngomdlandla kanye nezinhlamvu zezombangazwe.
- U-Fela Kuti udale i-Kalakuta Republic, inkimbinkimbi yezobuciko nezombusazwe eyayiyindawo yokuhlangana yabantu abanomqondo ofanayo.
- Ukhiphe ama-albhamu amaningi ashisa izikhotha, afana nethi “Zombie” kanye nethi “Confusion Break Bones,” akhulisa izwi lakhe futhi alalelwa izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele.
Umthelela kaFela Kuti emphakathini awunakuphikwa. Nansi eminye yemiphumela yokuzibophezela kwakhe:
- Ugqugquzele abaculi abaningi base-Afrika ukuthi basebenzise umculo wabo njengendlela yokulwa nokungabi nabulungiswa nengcindezelo.
- Umculo wakhe udale ukuqwashisa umhlaba wonke mayelana nezindaba zezepolitiki nezenhlalo e-Afrika, udonsela ukunaka ekuhlukunyezweni kwamalungelo abantu kanye nezindaba zokuphatha.
- UFela Kuti ubewuphawu lokumelana nenkululeko kwabaningi, futhi ifa lakhe lisaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo zamaciko azinikele.
UMiriam Makeba: Izwi laseNingizimu Afrika
UMiriam Makeba, owaziwa ngelikaMama Africa, wayengumculi waseNingizimu Afrika futhi eyisishoshovu. Waduma ngezwi lakhe elinamandla nekhono lakhe lokudlulisa imiyalezo yezepolitiki ngomculo wakhe. Nazi ezinye zezinto azifezile eziphawuleka kakhulu:
- UMakeba wasebenzisa umculo wakhe ukugxeka ubandlululo nokucwasa ngokwebala eNingizimu Afrika.
- Ubeyiciko lokuqala lase-Afrika ukuwina indondo yeGrammy, ngecwecwe lakhe elithi “An Evening with Belafonte/Makeba”.
- UMakeba ubengumkhankasi okhuthele wamalungelo abantu futhi usebenzise udumo lwakhe emhlabeni jikelele ukuqwashisa ngesimo saseNingizimu Afrika.
Nansi eminye yemithelela kaMiriam Makeba emphakathini:
- Umculo wakhe wasiza ukusabalalisa udaba lokulwa nobandlululo emhlabeni wonke, udonsela ukunaka kokungabi nabulungiswa okwenziwa eNingizimu Afrika.
- UMakeba ube wuphawu lwethemba nokuqina kubantu baseNingizimu Afrika abacindezelwe, futhi isibindi sakhe sigqugquzele abaningi ukuthi bamelane nokungabi nabulungiswa.
- Wavula indlela yabanye abaculi base-Afrika abaningi, ngaleyo ndlela ekhuthaza ukuqashelwa nokukhuthazwa komculo wase-Afrika emhlabeni wonke.
Youssou N'Dour: Isithonjana somculo waseSenegal
UYoussou N'Dour ungumculi waseSenegal owaziwa umhlaba wonke. Uthathwa njengomunye wabaculi base-Afrika abanohlonze futhi usebenzise umculo wakhe ukuthuthukisa amasiko nezimiso zezwe lakhe. Nanka amanye amagalelo akhe aphawuleka kakhulu:
- I-N'Dour yandisa umculo we-mbalax, uhlobo lomculo waseSenegal oluxuba isigqi sendabuko nemithelela yaseNtshonalanga.
- Wayengummeli oqinile wentando yeningi futhi wasebenzisa izwi lakhe ukuxhasa izizathu ezibalulekile zezombusazwe eSenegal.
- UYoussou N'Dour uqokwe njengoNgqongqoshe Wezamasiko Nezokuvakasha eSenegal, okumvumele ukuthi aqhubeke nokuqhakambisa umculo wase-Afrika emhlabeni jikelele.
Nansi eminye yemithelela kaYoussou N'Dour emphakathini:
- Umculo wakhe ube nomthelela ekusabalaleni kwesiko laseSenegal emhlabeni wonke, uvumele izethameli eziningi ukuthi zithole ingcebo yomculo yase-Afrika.
- U-N'Dour wasebenzisa udumo lwakhe ukukhuthaza ukuthula nobumbano e-Afrika, ekhuthaza ukubambisana nokuzwana phakathi kwamasiko ahlukene ezwekazi.
- Ugqugquzele abaculi abaningi base-Afrika ukuthi baziqhenye ngamasiko abo futhi basebenzise umculo wabo ukuthuthukisa izinguquko emphakathini.
Sengiphetha, uFela Kuti, uMiriam Makeba kanye noYoussou N'Dour bayizibonelo zamaciko ase-Afrika asebenzise umculo wawo ukuqwashisa ngezindaba ezibalulekile zomphakathi nezepolitiki. Ukuzinikela kwabo nethalente labo kushiye idumela elingesuki emphakathini, ligqugquzele nabanye abaculi abaningi ukuthi balandele ezinyathelweni zabo. Umculo wezenhlalo uyaqhubeka uyithuluzi elinamandla lokushintsha umphakathi e-Afrika nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Isimemo sokuzindla kanye nesenzo
Sengiphetha, izingoma ezizibophezele zomculo wase-Afrika ziyindlela enamandla yokuqonda izindaba zomphakathi nezepolitiki ezinqamula izwekazi lonke. Zibonisa imizabalazo namathemba abantu base-Afrika, futhi zisivumela ukuba sigxile eqinisweni lakho. Kunokuba zibe ukuzijabulisa okulula, lezi zingoma zinemiyalezo eqinile negxekayo esikhuthaza ukuba sicabange futhi senze. Ngincoma kakhulu ukulalela lezi zingoma ezihehayo, njengoba zisinikeza umbono oyingqayizivele noyiqiniso nge-Afrika namuhla.